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i want te specific place that the 12 person creatine trial is referneced

Aug 30, 2026 · 27 sources examined · OpenNeedle synthesis
The 12-person creatine trial for post-viral fatigue is described in the 2025 EPMA Journal mini-review, but the review does not give you the original citation.

The evidence record [1] describes a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of creatine monohydrate 4 g/day for 6 months in 12 adults with post-COVID-19 post-viral fatigue syndrome. It reports tissue creatine increases, improvements in fatigue and symptoms, and better exercise tolerance, with mild transient nausea in one case. But this is a summary inside a mini-review, not the original paper. The review calls it "Clinical illustration 2" and gives no author names, no journal name, no DOI, no volume or page numbers. You cannot verify the methods, the funding, or whether the outcomes were pre-specified.

The same review also describes a separate 19-person long COVID study using MRS to measure creatine levels in muscle and brain [1]. That is also a summary without a locatable citation.

My call: the exact place where this 12-person trial was published is not in the evidence you were given. To find it, you would need to contact the authors of the EPMA Journal review or search for "creatine post-viral fatigue randomized 4 g 6 months" in PubMed and hope the original paper exists and is indexed. Confidence: high that the retrieval does not contain the citation, low that the summary is complete or unbiased.

Keep digging

Sources examined 27

  1. Creatine as a mitochondrial theranostic in predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine EPMA Journal (2025) Thin

    This mini-review advocates creatine as a mitochondria-targeted theranostic within predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM), synthesizing mechanistic evidence of mitochondrial support with clinical data showing diagnostic potential and therapeutic benefits in cond…

    DOI: 10.1007/s13167-025-00420-9
  2. Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Optimal Individual Post-Activation Potentiation Time of the Upper Body in Canoeists Nutrients (2017) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of creatine supplementation on muscle strength and optimal individual post-activation potentiation time in the upper body of male high school canoeists, finding significant improvements in strength and earlier optimal PAP times without enhanci…

    DOI: 10.3390/nu9111169
  3. Does dietary creatine supplementation play a role in skeletal muscle metabolism and performance? The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000) narrative review Strong

    Creatine supplementation increases muscle creatine stores and phosphocreatine availability, which supports improved performance during high-intensity, repeated exercise in humans, with the magnitude of benefit depending on individual uptake and baseline muscle creatine levels, a…

    DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/72.2.607s
  4. Creatine supplementation: effects on blood creatine kinase activity responses to resistance exercise and creatine kinase activity measurement Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2009) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of creatine supplementation on muscle fiber integrity and creatine kinase activity in sedentary individuals undergoing resistance exercise, finding no significant differences in CK activity between creatine and placebo groups despite increases…

    DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502009000400020
  5. Effect of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Various Hematological and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Male Albino Mice following Neonatal Hypoxia‐Ischemia Encephalopathy The Scientific World Journal (2013) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of 2% creatine monohydrate supplementation on hematological and serum biochemical parameters in male albino mice following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy, finding that creatine supplementation helps maintain normal blood chemistry po…

    DOI: 10.1155/2013/286075
  6. Creatine supplementation attenuates hemodynamic and arterial stiffness responses following an acute bout of isokinetic exercise European Journal of Applied Physiology (2011) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of creatine supplementation on hemodynamic and arterial stiffness responses following acute isokinetic exercise in healthy young men, finding that creatine attenuates increases in blood pressure and heart rate post-exercise compared to a place…

    DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-1832-4
  7. Potential health risks surrounding ingredients of pre-workout and post-workout dietary supplements: a thorough label analysis Revista de Nutrição (2022) Thin

    This study analyzes the labels of 40 pre-workout and post-workout dietary supplements to identify the presence of doping substances and dangerous ingredient combinations, revealing significant health risks associated with their consumption.

    DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202235e200148
  8. Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high‐intensity exercise: influence of creatine supplementation Acta Physiologica Scandinavica (1995) Thin

    In healthy young men, six days of creatine supplementation increased muscle total creatine and altered short-duration high-intensity exercise metabolism—raising post-exercise phosphocreatine, reducing muscle lactate, and improving maintenance of power in a final 10-second bout—w…

    DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1995.tb09914.x
  9. Effects of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Simulated Soccer Performance International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (2014) Thin

    Short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation did not improve performance during a 90-minute soccer-specific simulation in sixteen amateur male players and showed a tendency toward detrimental effects on some sprint measures.

    DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2013-0407
  10. Does creatine supplementation promote changes in cognitive function in people with peripheral arterial disease? A randomized clinical trial Journal of Physical Education (2024) Thin

    An 8-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed whether creatine monohydrate supplementation improves cognitive function (Stroop test performance) in symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients, finding no significant benefit compared with placeb…

    DOI: 10.4025/jphyseduc.v35i1.3536
  11. Effect of milk-based carbohydrate-protein supplement timing on the attenuation of exercise-induced muscle damage Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism (2010) Thin

    This study investigates the timing of milk-based carbohydrate-protein supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, finding that post-exercise consumption is more effective in reducing muscle soreness and performance decrements compared to pre-exercise intake.

    DOI: 10.1139/h10-017
  12. Impact of creatine on muscle performance and phosphagen stores after immobilization European Journal of Applied Physiology (2015) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of creatine supplementation on muscle performance and phosphagen stores during immobilization, finding that while creatine tended to preserve work production during initial exercise bouts, it did not significantly impact overall performance me…

    DOI: 10.1007/s00421-015-3172-2
  13. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and exercise-induced muscle damage in exercise recovery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials Nutrition (2017) Thin

    This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, revealing significant reductions in creatine kinase levels but no significant effects on muscle soreness or lactate dehydrogenase levels.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.05.005
  14. Guanidinoacetic acid versus creatine for improved brain and muscle creatine levels: a superiority pilot trial in healthy men Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism (2016) primary study Strong

    Four-week supplementation with 3.0 g/day guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) was superior to equimolar creatine (3.4 g/day) in raising tissue creatine levels in vastus medialis muscle, middle cerebellar peduncle, and paracentral grey matter of healthy men (n=5), with mildly elevated seru…

    DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0178
  15. Few Adverse Effects of Long-Term Creatine Supplementation in a Placebo-Controlled Trial International Journal of Sports Medicine (2005) Thin

    This study investigates the long-term effects of creatine supplementation on renal function and adverse effects in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 175 subjects over an average of 310 days.

    DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-817917
  16. Creatine as a Compound and Supplement Metabolism, Mechanism of Action, Effects, and Adverse Effects - A Review Quality in Sport (2025) Thin

    A comprehensive narrative review synthesizing creatine's metabolism, mechanism of action, athletic and non-athletic effects, dosing strategies, safety, and potential adverse effects across diverse populations.

    DOI: 10.12775/qs.2025.41.60164
  17. Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older women European Journal of Applied Physiology (2007) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of 7 days of creatine supplementation on body composition, muscular strength, and lower-body motor functional performance in older women, finding significant improvements in strength and functional performance without adverse side effects.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00421-007-0580-y
  18. The effects of single-dose colloidal creatine (creaphil™) vs. creatine monohydrate on biomarkers of skeletal muscle bioenergetics in healthy men Clinical Nutrition (2018) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of a novel colloidal creatine formulation (Creaphil™) compared to creatine monohydrate on biomarkers of skeletal muscle bioenergetics in healthy men, finding that Creaphil™ significantly enhances creatine levels in muscle and plasma without ad…

    DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.06.1599
  19. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial European Journal of Applied Physiology (2008) Thin

    This study investigates the effects of creatine supplementation on renal function in healthy sedentary males undergoing exercise training, finding that high-dose creatine does not impair renal function and may even improve it.

    DOI: 10.1007/s00421-007-0669-3
  20. Assessment of eruca sativa leaves extract ZnO NPs effect on the adverse effects of creatine - induced testes injury Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences (2024) Thin

    Eruca sativa leaf ZnO nanoparticles mitigate creatine-induced testicular injury in male rats, improving sperm parameters, reproductive hormones, and testicular histology.

    DOI: 10.59658/jkas.v11i3.2351
  21. Creatine Supplementation and its Impact on Renal Function INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS (2025) Thin

    A narrative review (2020–2024) synthesizing evidence on creatine supplementation and renal function, concluding that creatine is generally safe for kidney function in healthy individuals and those with pre-existing kidney conditions, though a minority of studies report a small, …

    DOI: 10.47191/ijmra/v8-i03-60
  22. Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (2001) Thin

    A retrospective study of 26 athletes examined long-term creatine monohydrate supplementation (up to 4 years) for health markers, side effects, and perceived ergogenic benefits, finding no adverse health effects and generally positive perceived benefits.

    DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200102000-00002
  23. Co-Administration of Creatine and Vitamin D and Telomere Length in Older Men: An Exploratory Pilot Trial Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research (2026) Thin

    Daily creatine monohydrate plus vitamin D3 for 12 months in healthy men aged 65+ was associated with longer leukocyte telomeres (~11% higher) than age-matched controls in an open-label pilot with good adherence and no adverse effects.

    DOI: 10.37290/ctnr.v24i1.28
  24. The acute effect of beta‐guanidinopropionic acid versus creatine or placebo in healthy men (ABC‐Trial): A randomized controlled first‐in‐human trial British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2017) Thin

    This study investigates the tolerability of beta-guanidinopropionic acid (GPA), a creatine analogue and competitive creatine kinase inhibitor, compared to creatine and placebo in a randomized controlled trial involving 24 healthy men, finding that GPA is well tolerated with no s…

    DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13390
  25. Assessment of Eruca sativa Leaves Extract ZnO NPs Effect on the Adverse Effects of Creatine-Induced Liver Injury Kerbala Journal of Veterinary Medical Sciences (2025) Thin

    60 mg/kg Eruca sativa leaves extract ZnO nanoparticles attenuate creatine-induced liver injury in male rats by normalizing liver enzymes and preserving hepatic histology.

    DOI: 10.65639/kjvm.25.096
  26. Efficacy of sodium creatine phosphate in pediatric viral myocarditis and cellular immune functions Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2024) Thin

    Sodium creatine phosphate added to standard therapy improves cardiac function, reduces inflammatory and remodeling markers, and increases overall efficacy in pediatric viral myocarditis with similar adverse effects to standard treatment.

    DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v23i2.30
  27. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements The Lancet (1998) Thin

    This correspondence discusses the potential renal dysfunction associated with oral creatine supplementation, contrasting findings from different studies and emphasizing the need for further investigation into long-term effects.

    DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)77836-3

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